Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Symptoms:

• Heartburn or acid reflux (burning sensation in the chest)
• Regurgitation of food or sour liquid
• Chronic cough or sore throat
• Difficulty swallowing

Diagnosis:

• Upper GI Endoscopy to examine oesophageal lining
• 24-hour pH monitoring or oesophageal manometry (if needed)

Treatment:

• Lifestyle modifications (diet changes, elevating the head during sleep)
• Medications such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
• Endoscopic evaluation for long-standing symptoms
• Monitoring for Barrett’s Oesophagus in chronic cases